急性胰腺炎是多U病因导致胰酶在胰腺内被Ȁzd引v胰腺l织自n消化所致的化学性炎?/span>Q?/span>是常见的急腹症之一?/span>
【疾病相关知识?/span>
1. 好发人群:多见?/span>20-50?/span>,好发于中q以上的(zhn)?/span>?/span>
2. 病因和诱?/span>:①胆和胰管疄:最常见的病因是胆管疄Q?/span>②大量饮酒和暴饮暴食Q?/span>③内分泌与代谢障?span style="font-family:Calibri">:高血钙、高血?/span>Q?/span>?/span>上腹部手术或创伤Q?/span>⑤急性传染病:行性腮腺炎Q?/span>⑥药物诱发胰腺炎:肾上腺糖皮质Ȁ?/span>Q?/span>⑦其?span style="font-family:Calibri">:原因未明?/span>?/span>
3. 临床表现:
①腹?/span>Q?/span>部位ZҎ(gu)中或偏左Q?/span>持箋性进行性加重似刀l?/span>Q?/span>向腰背部Q?/span>
?/span>?/span>?/span>?/span>呕吐?qing)腹胀Q?/span>呕吐物似胆汁L(fng)Q?/span>
③发?/span>Q?/span>多数低、中度发热，出现高热提示Zl织坏死Q?/span>
?/span>低血压及(qing)休克Q?/span>有效血定w不Q?/span>
?/span>血液和血大量渗出、呕吐ƈ发感染和胃肠镜出血?/span>
⑥水?sh)解质?qing)酸碱q素ؕ?/span>
【饮食指对{?/span>
1. 急性发作期l对食Q?/span>
2. 恢复期间先以量低脂低糖饮食开?/span>Q?/span>逐渐恢复正常饮食。饮食规?/span>Q?/span>避免暴饮暴食Q?/span>以少量多ؓ(f)?/span>Q?/span>q食清ElY易消化的食物Q?/span>
3. 食脂肪高的食物Q?/span>如肥?/span>?/span>q?/span>沚w?/span>点心{?/span>;
4. 食含胆固醇高的食物,如蛋黄、动物的肝、肾、脑{内脏、蟹黄、鱼c等Q?/span>
5. 食辛G刺激的食物或烈的调呛_Q?/span>如G椒、浓茶、咖啡等Q?/span>
6. 食胀气的食物Q?/span>如牛奶、洋葱、蒜苗、萝卜等Q?/span>
7. 可选择含脂肪少忧质蛋白多的食物Q?/span>如鸡蛋白、鱼、豆腐、瘦牛肉{?/span>,多食新鲜的蔬菜水果以供给充的维生素Q?/span>
8. 烹调Ҏ(gu)选烧、煮、烩、卤、焖{方?/span>Q?/span>用荤a(b)?/span>
【预防措施?/span>
1.U极ȝ原发病和诱因Q?/span>
2.避免情Aq度Ȁ?/span>Q?/span>
3.家h做好监督Q?/span>
4.饮食指导Q?/span>
5.按时服药、定期复?/span>Q?/span>
